Integrated Circuit (IC), commonly referred to as a chip, is a compact electronic chip consisting of interconnected components such as resistors, transistors, and capacitors. Built on a single piece of semiconductor material such as silicon, an integrated circuit can contain a collection of hundreds to billions of components.
A diode is a device with two electrodes that allows current to flow in only one direction.
There are many types of diodes. According to the semiconductor materials used, they can be divided into germanium diodes (Ge tubes) and silicon diodes (Si tubes). According to their different uses, they can be divided into detector diodes, rectifier diodes, voltage regulator diodes, switch diodes, isolation diodes, Schottky diodes, light-emitting diodes (LED) , silicon power switch diodes, rotating diodes, etc. According to the tube core structure, they can be divided into point contact diodes, surface contact diodes and planar diodes.
A resistor is a circuit element with a specific resistance. It limits the amount of current that can flow through the circuit it is connected to. Resistors whose resistance cannot be changed are called fixed resistors. Resistors whose resistance can be changed are called potentiometers or variable resistors.
Capacitors are passive electronic devices that store electrical energy in an electric field.
A filter is a frequency-selective device that allows specific frequency components in a signal to pass through while greatly attenuating other frequency components. This frequency-selective function of the filter can be used to filter out interfering noise or perform spectrum analysis.
Electronic modules are composed of a variety of parts and components, usually including electronic components, circuit boards, housings, power supplies, pins, etc. Electronic components can be flexibly selected according to actual needs, such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, diodes, transistors, integrated circuits, etc.
Transistor refers to any single component based on semiconductor materials, which has multiple functions such as detection, rectification, amplification, switching, voltage regulation, signal modulation, etc., and can be used for various digital and analog functions. It includes diodes, triodes, field effect transistors, thyristors (the latter three are three-terminal) made of various semiconductor materials, etc.
A sensor is a detection device that can sense the information being measured and can convert the sensed information into electrical signals or other required forms of information output according to certain rules to meet the requirements of information transmission, processing, storage, display, recording and control. The existence and development of sensors have given objects senses such as touch, taste and smell, making objects come alive.
A switch is an electronic component that can open a circuit, interrupt current, or redirect it to another circuit. The most common switch is a manually operated switch that allows people to operate a machine or issue a command, which has one or more electronic contacts. The “close” switch means that the electronic contact is conducting, allowing current to flow; the “open” switch means that the electronic contact is not conducting, forming an open circuit, and does not allow current to flow.
An amplifier is an electronic device that can increase the power of a signal (a voltage or current that varies over time). It is a two-port electronic circuit that uses power from a power supply to increase the amplitude (magnitude of voltage or current) of a signal applied to its input, thereby producing a proportionally larger amplitude signal at its output.
A fuse is an electrical device that uses the heat generated by itself to melt the fuse and disconnect the circuit when the current exceeds the specified value. A fuse is a current protector made based on the principle that after the current exceeds the specified value for a period of time, the heat generated by itself will melt the fuse and disconnect the circuit. Fuses are widely used in high and low voltage power distribution systems and control systems as well as electrical equipment. As a short circuit and overcurrent protector, they are one of the most commonly used protection devices.
An inductor is a component that can convert electrical energy into magnetic energy and store it. The structure of an inductor is similar to that of a transformer, but it has only one winding. An inductor has a certain inductance, and it only blocks the change of current. If there is no current flowing through the inductor, it will try to block the current from flowing through it when the circuit is connected; if there is current flowing through the inductor, it will try to maintain the current unchanged when the circuit is disconnected.
Inductors come in many forms, and they are called differently based on their appearance and function.
- The inductors that are wound in multiple turns with enameled wire, and are often used as electromagnets and transformers, are also called coils based on their appearance.
- They are used to provide greater reactance to high frequencies, and are often called chokes or chokes based on their functions.
- The larger inductors that are often used in transformers, motors, and generators with ferromagnetic materials are also called windings.
- The small inductors that are often used as high-frequency filters, and are often called beads based on their appearance, are small inductors that are used to pass through magnetic materials without coils.